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Territory in western South America, ruled since 1993 by the República del Perú

Peru (Spanish: Perú; Quechua: Piruw Republika; Aymara: Piruw Suyu), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish: República del Perú), is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile and in the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is an extremely biodiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river.

Geographical type: Territory

Latitude: 10° S — Longitude: 76° W

Area: 1,285,216 km²

ISO 3166-2 code: PE

Other Places

Measures of Freedom

Human Freedom Index [PDF], The Human Freedom Index 2023: A Global Measurement of Personal, Civil, and Economic Freedom
2021: 7.56, Rank: 54, Personal freedom: 7.60, Economic freedom: 7.52
Level of Economic Freedom, Economic Freedom of the World
2014: 7.35, Rank: 52
Peru | Freedom House, Freedom in the World 2024
2016: Status: Free, Aggregate Score: 71, Political Rights: 2, Civil Liberties: 3
Political instability and corruption scandals characterized President Ollanta Humala's final full year in office. The opposition-dominated Congress forced Prime Minister Ana Jara to resign in March over allegations of spying on prominent private citizens and public officials, heightening perceptions of fractured leadership and intensifying political polarization.

Articles

How to Destroy Mongolian Mining, by Morgan J. Poliquin, Mises Daily, 20 Jun 2006
Discusses the societal and economics implications of a 68% "windfall profits" tax imposed on copper and gold mining in Mongolian territory
[T]he Antamina Copper-Zinc mine in Peru was recently put into production by a consortium of companies at a cost of US$2.2 billion ... This money went towards construction costs as well as new infrastructure such as a port facility, 76 kilometers of new road, a new pipeline, 58 kilometers of new power line, and a switching station ... The new infrastructure benefits many Peruvians in immeasurable ways, whether it is increased access to electricity, healthcare, and education, much reduced costs to any new mineral deposits found in the area, or other business ventures ...
Related Topics: Mining, Mongolia, Taxation, Wages
A Modest Proposal for the Next Drug-War Shootdown, by James Bovard, Freedom Daily, Aug 2001
Offers recommendations (some tongue in cheek, later serious) after the shootdown by the Peruvian air force of a Cessna carrying American Baptist missionaries (but claimed to carry traffickers)
The Bush administration and federal agencies are still struggling with the backlash from the shootdown by Peruvian jet fighters of a Cessna airplane ... Everybody regrets the fact that a CIA surveillance plane notified Peruvian jets that a plane carrying Baptist missionaries might contain drug traffickers ... The U.S. government ... provides approximately $100 million in anti-drug aid to Peru each year ... Perhaps the U.S. embassy believes that since the U.S. ... plane did not specifically tell the Peruvian fighters to kill the mother and daughter, the United States is blameless.
The Price of Empire, by Sheldon Richman, 26 Apr 2006
Discusses U.S government efforts to end coca production in some Andean countries by funding crop eradication programs, and the consequent increases in cultivation in neighboring countries
[T]he likely president of Peru, Ollanta Humala, has promised to end the U.S.-financed program to destroy the coca crop in his country. Coca is used to make cocaine, but also tea and herbal medicines ... The Washington Post says the U.S. government has spent $5 billion since 2000 on crop eradication ... According [to] the Post, "... In Peru, U.S. government analysts detected a 23 percent increase in the traditional cultivation zones between 2004 and 2005; when including data from new zones of cultivation, Peru's annual increase was 38 percent."

Books

The Other Path: The Economic Answer to Terrorism
    by Hernando de Soto Polar, 1989

The introductory paragraph uses material from the Wikipedia article "Peru" as of 20 Sep 2018, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.